@article{oai:serve.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000354,
 author = {池, 弘子},
 issue = {第1号},
 journal = {聖学院大学論叢, The Journal of Seigakuin University},
 month = {Nov},
 note = {Research has established that psychological abuse has the longest-lasting and strongest negative effect on children of any type of child abuse. There are many researchers who believe that psychological abuse is a core component of all types of child abuse. But psychological abuse has created so many difficulties and so much confusion for researchers and practitioners, and these difficulties and confusion have led to delays in protective intervention. It is pointed out that one of reasons for these difficulties and confusion lies in the absence of a unified and precise definition. This study reviews the wide range of definitions of psychological abuse and proposes an appropriate direction for defining the term. (a) Psychological abuse should be defined solely by parental behaviour having potential for harm to a child not including observable child harm. (b) Psychological abuse should be limited to nonphysical parental behaviour and nonphysical child outcomes. (c) Parental intent to harm the child is not necessary for the definition. (d) Psychological abuse should include not only repeated patterns of parental behaviour but also singular extreme incident. In addition I propose the following five subtypes of psychological abuse: spurning, terrorizing, isolating, encouraging inappropriate behavior, and denying emotional responsiveness.},
 pages = {33--46},
 title = {心理的虐待の定義に関する検討},
 volume = {第19巻},
 year = {2006},
 yomi = {イケ, ヒロコ}
}